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提高SAT阅读不是一味加大阅读量,更重要的是“刻意练习”的方法

2017-10-16来源: 互联网浏览量:
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   其实在做阅读题读句子时,很多考生认为“认识”就是“理解或熟练”,“认识”了就能做对题,但是事实远非如此,认识单词和学会语法只是阅读的第一步。更为重要的是,在平时阅读练习中需要时刻“逼迫”自己去练习,以达到“熟练”的境界。什么叫“熟练”的境界呢?打个比方,外国朋友跟你打招呼“How are you?”,而你会不加思索脱口而出“Fine, thank you. And you? ”,这中间不需要任何犹豫或者思考,这个就是“熟练”境界。

  看下面SAT阅读中的一个句子:

  Not only are celebrities the protagonists of our news, the subjects of our daily discourse, and the repositories of our values, but they have also embedded themselves so deeply in our consciousness that many individuals profess feeling closer to, and more passionate about them than about their own primary relationships: witness the fervent public to interest in the life of Britain’s Princess Diana, or the fans who told television interviewers that her wedding was the happiest day of their lives.

  难词解析:Protagonist n. 主角; repository n. 容器,智囊; witness vt. 见证,观察; fervent a. 热情的

  虽然将单词和语法问题都解决了,但要能一眼读懂,并非易事。该句从宏观上看即“倒装+并列+复杂修饰”结构。有同学问,为什么老师一眼就能看出来?那是因为老师看了很多眼。老师在平时练习和备课的过程中反复阅读文章,才造就了这样的熟练度。那我们考生应该如何才能达到这样的熟练度呢?其实阅读技巧和“骑单车”“游泳”技巧一样,都可以“孰能生巧”。提高熟练度并不是一根筋地加大阅读量,更重要的是一种“刻意练习”的方法。

  如果我们“知道”读句子得找主干,那么接下来的阅读就应该刻意逼迫自己去寻找句子主干;如果我们“知道”了单词的含义靠语境,那接下来就应该经常查词典,确定那些模糊不清或感觉怪怪的词义;如果我们“知道”遇见代词要确定指代对象,那接下来就应该主动逼迫自己明确每个代词所指的内容。

  词汇和语法就好比烹饪时候的两种食材,但你仅仅只是把上好的两种食材放到锅里,就等着好菜出锅,这是痴心妄想!提高阅读能力也是一样,阅读需要词汇量也需要语法概念,但仅仅是背单词学语法,根本无法让你的阅读能力得到提升。

  但是,需要注意的是,本文的目的并不是建议大家从此不需要背单词,不学语法了,我这里强调的是词汇和语法是建筑时的砖头和框架,缺一不可,并没有贬低词汇量和语法的作用,这里讲的其实是必要条件与充分条件的区别。

  因此我们阅读时一定要“刻意练习”,强调从“认识”提升至“熟练”的重要性,所谓“刻意练习”即在平时要学会“精读”,能钻进句子里,还能跳得出来。

  接下来是如何在平时进行“刻意”练习的一些思路,供考生朋友们参考:

  1. 通过上下文(搭配和语境)理解单词的含义

  2. 分析句内与句间的逻辑关系(条件,让步,转折,对比,比较,因果(隐性和显性),过渡)

  3. 分析信息中隐含的信息(推断),理解直接推断和主观想象的区别

  4. 理解SAT常用修辞手法及其作用(明喻,暗喻,类比,拟人,夸张,委婉语,重复排比,反语,嘲讽等)

  5. 理解常见文章展开或组织模式(问题-解决方法;现象-解释理论;概念-解释说明;实验结论-实验过程等),往前预测,往后总结。

  6. 文学类文章(抓主线):理解环境描写(塑造氛围,铺垫剧情),理解人物描写(外貌,动作,语言),理解人物关系(态度),理解故事剧情(开始,改变,结尾)

  7. 科技类文章:注意现象 、问题、实验过程、实验结果、结论、评价

  8. 历史类文章:注意时代背景、作者的态度、观点和理由

  9. 阅读双篇,请注意两篇文章相同和相异的所有信息(观点,理由,证据,态度等等)

  练习:请用以上方法“刻意练习”以下难句:

  1. It is not quite a matter of disagreeing with the theory of independence, but of rejecting its implications: that the romances may be taken in any or no particular order, that they have no cumulative effect, and that they are as separate as the works of a modern novelist.

  2. His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but his definition of racial prejudice as “ racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition,” can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.

  3. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of and so was crucial in sustaining — the Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.



本文关键字:新SAT阅读,SAT练习,SAT备考
编辑: candy
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