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新SAT语法中名词与动名词结构的用法

2016-09-06来源: 互联网浏览量:
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  在新SAT语法考试中,重难点部分当属名词修饰部分了,下面小编就新SAT语法中的名词修饰部分中的SAT语法名词与动名词结构的用法来具体分析,希望对大家的语法考试有所帮助。

  名词结构

  Noun 1 + of + Noun 2 结构(难度:中等)

  Noun 1 of Noun 2(名词 1 of 名词 2)是常见的介词短语表达修饰的现象,其中 Noun 1 是被修饰对象,Noun 2 是修饰语,通常翻译成"Noun 2 的 Noun 1"。例如,character of flower 翻 译成"花的性格"。若名词结构较长,需抓出结构中的名词主词,帮助理清思路。

新SAT语法中名词与动名词结构的用法

  【例句】Hardy's weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones.

  翻译:Hardy 的弱点来自于他对于掌控不同冲动的来来去去的明显弱势,也来自于他不愿意培养和维持有能量且有风险的冲动。如遇 Noun 1 of Noun 2 结构与其他结构嵌套(例如平行结构),需要时刻注意 of 结构的修饰语(Noun 2)和被修饰对象(Noun 1)的关系,思路则会变得清晰。

  【例句】Its international associations, its ideals of artists'involvement with the crafts,of the integrity of artists and artisans, and of social awareness were to inspire entiregenerations to come.

  【结构】Its international associations, its N1ideals of artists'involvement with the

  crafts, N2-1of the integrity of artists and artisans, and N2-2of social awareness were to inspire entire generations to come.

  翻译:关于艺术家及技工的完整性,还有社会意识的国际组织及艺术家参与工艺品的理想状态都是为了激励整代人的到来。

  量词 + Noun 也属于名词修饰结构的一种,例如 a piece of cake 翻译成"一块面包"。

  【例句】I had the merest inkling of this fame when I was walking along the street one sunny morning, and a stranger pointed a long index finger at me.

  翻译:当我在一个阳光明媚的早上走在街上,一个陌生人用手指指向我的时候,我感觉到一点点明星的感觉。

  inkling 做量词,表示"一点点"

  更复杂的情况是 Noun1 of Noun2 结构出中现了附加修饰成分或倒装的现象。

  【例句】But only a minority of people are able to recognize this fact; and, of that minority, only a minority will act upon it.

  翻译:但是只有一少部分的人会认清这个事实;并且这一小部分人中也只有一小部分的人会去行动。

  of that minority 是 Noun 2,修饰 only a minority

  正常语序为 But only a minority of people are able to recognize this fact; and only a minority of that minority will act upon it.

  【例句】It is characteristic of, though not essential to, an experimental approach.

  【结构】It is characteristic of, 附加修饰成分 though not essential to, an experimental

  approach.

  翻译:这是实验的特点(之一),虽然不是必须的。

  附加修饰成分 though no essential to,表示让步

  characteristic of 与后面 an experimental 形成 Noun1 of Noun2 结构

  be + of + Noun 结构(难度:中等)

  在主系表句型中,存在一种 be+of+名词的固定用法,of+名词结构修饰主语。需要结合语境实现准确翻译。有时,of 后名词表达事物价值、程度等,of 则带有"具有;具备"的含义。

  【例句】The solar system is of interest for reasons other than its astrophysical characteristics.

  翻译:太阳系吸引人的原因不在于其天文属性。

  of interest 翻译为"(具有)吸引人(的特点)"

  【例句】Once the discipline is established, the problem chosen, and the scientist immersed in the work, he or she becomes as persuaded as need be of the centrality and urgency of the particular work being done.

  翻译:他或她变得对一个工作需要被完成的核心性和紧急性深信不疑。

  of centrality and urgency 翻译为"具有核心性和紧急性"

  有时,of 后名词是集合名词,of 通常表示所属关系,带有"属于"的含义,相当于 belong to或 have。

  【例句】The army and the people are of one family.

  翻译:军民是一家。

  of one family 翻译为"属于一个家庭"

  【例句】The story most archaeologists built on these ancient tools was of a people they nicknamed Clovis, who came into North America via Siberia, moved south through an ice-free corridor, then dispersed, their descendants occupying North and South America within a thousand years.

  翻译:这些工具属于被称作是 Clovis 的种族。

  of a people the nicknamed Clovis 翻译为"属于被称作是 Clovis 的种族"

  有时,of 后名词表达事物的材料,be+of 相当于 be made of 或 be built of。

  【例句】The library was of bricks.

  翻译:这个图书馆是砖建的。

  of bricks 相当于 be built of briks,翻译为"用砖建的"

  有时,of 后名词表达事物属性,如种类、颜色、形状、价格等,of 则表达"是"的含义,甚至可以省略。

  【例句】Several of the vases were of the unusual kind.

  翻译:几个花瓶都是独特的形式。

  of the unusual kind 翻译为"是不同种类的"

  动名词结构(难度:中等)

  动名词词由动词词尾加 ing 构成。顾名思义,动名词既有名词属性,又有动词属性,其后可以接名词形成动宾关系(动名词动作发出的主体名词用所属格,代词用宾格)。这种动宾关 系往往会造成成分变长,阅读难度增加。解决策略是将动名词及后接名词构成的动宾关系看 作为一个整体,做名词用。

  【例句】I can bear his smoking in the bedroom.

  翻译:我受不了他在卧室吸烟。

  his smoking in the bedroom 整体做宾语

  his 是 smoking 动作发出主体

  【例句】He will understand that my ordering him around hasn't been so bad for him.

  翻译:他会明白我叫他做这做那对他没有坏处。

  my ordering him around 整体做从句主语

  my 是 ordering 动作发出主体

  【例句】The doctor had no doubt of the drug's being highly agreeable to the patient.

  翻译:这个医生对这种药物适合病人这一点深信不疑。

  its being highly agreeable to the patient 整体做 N1 of N2 结构中的 N2

  drug 是 being 动作发出主体

  动名词与动词一样具有时态及主被动关系。

  【例句】The suspect denied having been there.

  翻译:嫌疑人否认去过那。

  having been there 表示发生在谓语动作之前

  【例句】The champion prided himself on having never been overperformed in boxing.

  翻译:这个冠军为没有在拳击中被人超越而感到自豪。

  having never been overperformed in boxing 表示被动

  以上就是小编为大家搜集整理的新SAT语法名词与动名词结构的用法,希望对大家的SAT语法考试有所帮助。

  推荐阅读新SAT语法考试补语、附加及定语三大修饰成分难易度解析

  考法1.补语修饰(难度:中等)

  补语的作用是对句子的主语与宾语进行补充。doing、done、名词、形容词、不定式等均可做补语。补语的作用与附加修饰成分类似,对主语或宾语补充。补语与主句联系紧密,所以 通常不用逗号隔开,而这种特点会导致阅读难度的增加。应对策略是将补语用逗号隔开,置 于句尾,将其看作是附加修饰成分。

  新SAT语法考试复合式句子结构及名词与动名词结构用法



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