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新SAT语法考试分号冒号考点及例题讲解

2017-01-13来源: 互联网浏览量:
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  在新SAT考试中,新增了标点符号题,考点也越来越固定。下面小编就新SAT语法考点中的分号冒号进行分析,并配有相应的SAT语法例题讲解,希望对大家的语法考试有所帮助。

新SAT语法考试分号冒号考点及例题讲解

  首先我们应该明确,解决标点符号的题目:第一要考虑使用该标点是否会影响句子主干;第二要考虑是否符合该标点符号的语义作用。

  我们先来看分号。分号的第一个常见用法是:It's used between two main clauses that balance each other and are too closely linked to be made into separate sentences (oxford dictionary)即隔开两个相关且独立的分句,所以分号前后一般是完整的句子。

  这个规则可以帮助我们很快的去确定选项正误。Eg: An art director searched North Africa; I went to the Canary Islands.

  例题:the name kingman was elected for its two parts, "king" and "man"; Cantonese for "scenery" and "composition."(og:dong kingman)

  A no change

  B parts: "king" and "man,"

  C parts "king" and "man";

  D parts ;"king" and "man"

  首先扫读选项,确定考点:标点符号,在这我们会发现至少有三个选项都是使用分号:分别是acd,但是根据句子结构判断,都不符合前后是完整句子,直接排除。选择b :用冒号来表示解释说明。

  分号还有第二个用法:used to separate the parts of a complicated sentence or items in a detailed list, showing a pause that is longer than a comma but shorter than a full stop/period(该用法在新sat中暂未考察过,此处只做补充。)

  eg: The study showed the following: 76% of surveyed firms monitor employee Web-surfing activities, with 65% blocking access to unauthorized Internet locations; 57% monitor employee telephone behavior, including the inappropriate use of voicemail.

  冒号的作用是:to explain an abstract noun or introduce a list. 冒号主要的作用是解释和列举。冒号前应该是完整句,冒号后可以是词,短语甚至是句子。

  Eg :The job calls for skills in the following areas: proofing, editing, and database administration.

  真题1 :But Jason Box, an associate professor of geology at Ohio State, believes that another factor added to the early 16 thaw; the "dark snow" problem.

  A NO CHANGE

  B thaw; and it was

  C thaw:?

  D thaw: being

  首先我们应该先扫读选项,确定考察点是标点符号。第二,回到句子理解句子语义:the "dark snow" problem. 就是前文里面所说的another factor,选择c 选项,冒号表示解释。

  真题2 :However, although well 29 compensated earning in 2012 a median annual salary of $90,930, PAs cost health care providers less than do the physicians who might otherwise undertake these tasks. (2016/5月北美真题-29)

  A No change

  B compensated (earning in 2012 a median annual salary of $90,930),

  C compensated, earning in 2012 a median annual salary of $90,930

  D compensated: earning in 2012 a median annual salary of $90,930,

  先扫读选项,确定考察点是标点符号。第二,回到句子理解句子语义:不难看出此处earning in 2012 a median annual salary of $90,930 是做状语说明 well compensated。根据语义分析大部分同学应该可以很快排除b c选项,而纠结于a d两个选项:因为括号和冒号都可以表示解释说明,不知如何取舍。

  但是根据我们刚刚说冒号使用的句子结构规则:冒号前是完整句子。我们可以很快排除d 选项,因为冒号前面只有although well compensated这个从句。最后选择a 选项,用括号来表示补充说明。

  真题3:The designer envisions the game's fundamental 35 elements: the settings, characters, and plots that make each game unique, and is thus a primary creative force behind a video game. (og4-35)

  A) NO CHANGE

  B) elements: the settings, characters, and plots that make each game unique-

  C) elements-the settings, characters, and plots that make each game unique-

  D) elements; the settings, characters, and plots that make each game unique;

  同理,第一,扫读选项,确定考点。第二,回到原句理解语义the settings, characters, and plots that make each game unique 应该是fundamental elements的列举,因此大家应该能比较快的排除bd选项:b选项破折号使用错误。D选项分号前后应该是完整句子。大部分同学会在ac之间纠结。事实上,a 选项冒号前面虽然是完整的句子,但是and is thus a primary creative force behind a video game并非是冒号所涵盖的内容,是句子的主干成分(整个句子完整的逻辑语义是:The designer envisions the game's fundamental elements, and is thus a primary creative force behind a video game.)不能直接放在冒号后面。所以a 选项错误。答案选c.

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