ACT考试的写作部分改革之后，对考生写作的新的要求：首先，要对题目中给出的Perspective1,2,3进行分析和评述;其次要亮明并阐述自己的观点;另外还要结合自己的观点和给出的三个观点之间的关系进行讨论和陈述。

　　同时，ACT官网上也放出了一道作文样题(intelligent machines)和6篇不同分数段的范文，今天小编就为大家带来了官网给出的5分作文和6分作文范文，以及官方给出的作文详细评分标准，供大家参考。

　　对于样题的使用方法，小编给出的建议是：

　　1、先使用这个题目，审题并写作，自己计时做一个简单的写作模考。

　　2、计时结束后，在充裕的时间里再次分析题目，对自己的文章进行润色修改，得到第二个版本。

　　3、按照官方给出的评分标准以及不同分数的官方范文，经过充分的分析之后，给自己的文章进行打分。

　　4、再次修改自己的文章(这一步最好可以在专业老师的指导下完成)，得到最终版本，再次评分，争取可以修改润色至更高的分数。

　　下面我们正式开始，首先是作文样题：

　　Sample Prompt

　　Intelligent Machines

　　Many of the goods and services we depend on daily are now supplied by intelligent, automated machines rather than human beings. Robots build cars and other goods on assembly lines, where once there were human workers. Many of our phone conversations are now conducted not with people but with sophisticated technologies. We can now buy goods at a variety of stores without the help of a human cashier. Automation is generally seen as a sign of progress, but what is lost when we replace humans with machines? Given the accelerating variety and prevalence of intelligent machines, it is worth examining the implications and meaning of their presence in our lives.

　　Read and carefully consider these perspectives. Each suggests a particular way of thinking about the increasing presence of intelligent machines.

　　Perspective One

　　What we lose with the replacement of people by machines is some part of our own humanity. Even our mundane daily encounters no longer require from us basic courtesy, respect, and tolerance for other people.

　　Perspective Two

　　Machines are good at low-skill, repetitive jobs, and at high-speed, extremely precise jobs. In both cases they work better than humans. This ef ciency leads to a more prosperous and progressive world for everyone.

　　Perspective Three

　　Intelligent machines challenge our long-standing ideas about what humans are or can be. This is good because it pushes both humans and machines toward new, unimagined possibilities.

　　Sample Essay 5

　　It is no secret that today’s workforce no longer consists entirely of people.

　　Rather, machines are being developed to complete many of the tasks which humans have traditionally done. This can greatly increase productivity and efficiency of simple, repetitive tasks. Many people view this as a great positive and point out that it leads to a more uniform and less expensive product which is better for everyone. However, some people are more wary of this popular trend of automating the workforce and question whether this progress is truely positive. Their concerns, though, are outweighed by the benefits these machines offer.

　　It is the popular view among companies which are moving toward automation that robots can do many tasks better than humans. For example, in the automotive industry, most of a car’s individual components are manufactured by pre-programmed robots which have much greater and more precise output than would be possible for a human. In addition, robots cut down the cost of production by a considerable amount. If a company hires an employee to complete a simple task for $50,000 per year but could instead buy a machine for a one time purchase of $30,000, it is far more cost effective to buy the machine.

　　Lower cost of production means that the goods produced can now be sold at a lower pricepoint which passes the savings on to the consumer. Companies producing goods rightly contend that the use of machines to complete low-skill jobs has only positive impact for everyone.

　　Beyond these benefits for industry, some believe that machines will shape the future for the human race. Innovation and invention of new more intelligent

　　machines can push us as humans toward new, unimagined possibilities. For

　　example, before the first airplane was invented, people could only dream of

　　human flight, but at the moment of takeoff, a whole new world of unimaginable possibilities was suddenly within our grasp. Through even just that one invention, an entire multi-billion dollar a year industry was born, and our

　　lives improved and advanced in a multitude of ways. Who can know what great advancements may be brought about by a more intelligent machine than what we possess today? The possibilities are endless.

　　There are those who are less enthusiastic about all this progress and advancement. They argue that by not having to interact with fellow humans, we no longer are required to be courteous and have tolerance for others. While this may be true, this is a minor cost for a major increase in efficiency. Take the example of self checkout systems in grocery stores. Self checkout permits consumers to procure their goods and get out of the store quickly. This might seem like a small time-saver, but considering how often this experience is repeated reveals a cumulative effect. Across time, consumers end up saving hours, which improves the efficiency of their daily lives, allowing them to spend time on things that are of greater interest and meaning to them.

　　Whether humans like it or not, machines are becoming more and popular in the workplace and are decreasing the need for humans to work those jobs. This can lead to advancement of society, a greater end product or service, and even a lower consumer cost of goods. Many people are frightened of change, but unfortunately for them, the past is gone and now we must look to the future.

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　　Sample Essay 6

　　Advances in technology have become so widely accepted in today’s culture that very few people are willing to pause to consider the consequences. People get so excited about what new technologies can offer that they forget to question whether there might be any negative effects. Without caution and deliberation, replacing the natural with the mechanical would undoubtedly be disasterous.

　　The economic implications of the potential mechanical takeover alone should be enough to dissuade anyone from moving too fast. In the event the robots are more widely used in the workplace, humans would surely be replaced. At first, businesses would benefit from the efficiency of robots, but eventually a depressed job market would lead to a population that struggles just to feed themselves and their families, let alone purchase the products these robots make. In the long run, society will suffer if it does not take care to prevent the economic consequences of giving everything over to machines.

　　Our careless use of automation has already taken a toll on our culture. People have been interacting with automation in nearly every aspect of their lives, whether it be shopping, banking, or the use of a telephone. The effect of this is obvious: basic respect for our fellow man is all but absent today because of increased interaction with automation. Why treat a machine with kindness? It suffers no emotional or psychological damage. In a culture saturated with automation, we get used to treating machines rudely, and we begin to treat each other rudely. This of course leads to all sorts of issues, like intolerence and incivility, and in the long run, results in the complete degradation of culture.

　　Even in the face of these obstacles, some people argue that the increasing intelligence of today’s machines is a good thing. After all, machine power can decrease the human work load. Computer processers double in power and ability every year. Computers are projected to reach human intelligence by as soon as 2025. The implications of this shift are unknown, but one thing is for certain. We are moving into this change too fast to anticipate and prevent damage to the human species. We are approaching this change too quickly for any sort of safety net to be built. Because of this, it is important that we as a species slow down our technological development so that we might consider all the implications of a change this big. We must figure out how to handle negative societal and cultural consequences before we embrace total integration of automated, intelligent machines.

　　Decreasing the speed with which we incorporate mechanical influence is important because of the potential dangers that lurk in blind acceptance. Not only does the preference of the mechanical over the natural interfere with the job market and the economy, but its use also has the potential to seriously degrade our culture as a whole. In combination with the uncertainty surrounding the increasing intelligence of machines, it is most assuredly better for the human species that technological progress be slowed so that we can, if necessary, prevent additional damage.

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　　注：两篇样文均出自官方

　　评分标准与官方评析

　　ACT写作改革后，官方给出了新样题及评分标准。新的评分标准由4项指标组成，四项分别判分，写作的最后得分是这四项的综合分。

　　考察点：观点及分析 Ideas and Analysis

　　在观点及分析Ideas and Analysis方面，官方给出的评分规则中明确提到的6分的标准是将文章论点有见地的建立在各个支持论点上，深入透彻地分析可能行，复杂性或潜在的价值及假设。而5分的标准是将文章论点有效地建立在各个支持论点上分析着重可能行，复杂性或潜在的价值及假设。

　　考察点：对观点的支撑 Development and Support

　　对观点从深度和广度上的支撑 Development and Support，评分规则6分要求对论点的支撑要有深入洞察而广泛的考虑，综合的说理和举例要精当，有效地表达文中论点的含义。5分要求对论点的支撑要有深入的理解，大致综合的说明和举例要目的明确并能够表达文中论点的含义。

　　第一篇作者通篇紧扣主题，说理和举例都服务于作者为什么认为智能机器利大于弊的观点，在利用假说推断解释作者的思考时，作者运用了预期的推理，比如说当作者提到robots cut down the cost of production by a considerable amount, 作者延伸到长期雇佣人工的工资和一次性使用机器人的成本的区别，又更进一步谈到成本低廉的产品又会节省消费者的开支。

　　第二篇综合的说理和举例非常有效的表达了作者论点的含义，假说推断用的例子是in the event the robots are more widely used in the workplace, 说理部分提到the implications of this shift are unknown, but one thing is for certain, we are moving into this change too fast to anticipate and prevent damage to the human species 有说服性地发展并支撑了文章的观点，较第一篇文章更有力。

　　考察点：文章结构 Organization

　　文章结构指句子与句子之间的关系和段与段之间关系的转承以及论据展开的逻辑关联。

　　第一篇作文首段就勾勒除了主体部分三段的架构，主体部分陈现出逻辑的推进，作者首先确立不断出现的智能机器的益处，然后用进一步确认机械化生产的低成本高效率来强化自己的观点，主体的第三段反驳反方观点。在必要的地方用了转承连接，比如说主体部分第二段Beyond these benefits for industry, some believe…起到段与段之间承上启下的作用。主体部分第三段举出反方观点后，用While this may be true, this is …引起转折来反驳反方观点。正如5分标准中提到的it exhibits a productive organizational strategy. It is mostly unified by a controlling idea or purpose, and a logical sequencing of ideas contributes to the effctivenessof the argument.

　　第二篇作文从机械化对未来经济的影响，对现今文化状态的负面效应到反驳反向观点，层层递进。段与段之间的转承也是严丝合缝。每段的首句都与主题息息相关又逐渐深入。比如说作者用到：The economic implications of the potential mechanical takeover; Our careless use of automation has already taken a toll on our culture; Even in the face of these obstacles, some people argue that the increasing intelligence of today’s machines is a good thing.在段内句与句的连接即灵活多样，又让作者说理更明晰有力，比如说作者用到：At first, but eventually, This of course, After all等等。

　　考察点：语言使用 Language Use

　　从第一篇作文我们可以找到一些语言运用的亮点，句式运用也非常多样灵活。比如说：today’s workforce no longer consists entirely of people. Their concern, though, are outweighed by the benefits… While this may be true, this is a minor cost ofr a major increase in efficiency.等等，但也出现了一些用词的重复，比如说body部分的第一段和第二段均用到for example, 第二段出现的unimagined和unimaginable等。

　　相比较而言，第二篇作文句型丰富多样，语词用得更加精当，选词也很准确。比如说societal and cultural consequences, intolerance and incivility, emotional or psychological damage。用的degrade, depressed, and damage等的词让读者升起一种紧迫感。主体部分的第三段，连续用了we are, we are, we must三句，气势不断加强，从论证部分转入对采取实际行动的呼吁，非常有力。符合6分评判标准中提到的The use of language enhances the argument. Word choice is skill ful and precise. Sentence structures are consistently varied and clear.

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