Answer to Question 1

　　Choice D is best. The phrasing a divorce that occurred when they were children correctly uses the relative clause that occurred to modify a divorce and includes a pronoun and verb (they were) that refer unambiguously to their antecedent, men and women.

　　Choice A incorrectly introduces the when... phrase with occurring, thus illogically making divorce the grammatical referent of when a child; furthermore, the singular child does not agree with the plural men and women.

　　B replaces child with children but otherwise fails to correct A's errors of structure and logic, and C corrects only the error created by occurring.

　　Choice E includes an incorrect verb tense (has occurred) and wrongly replaces when with as. Also, each was does not properly refer to men and women.

　　Answer to Question 2

　　In choice C, the best answer, an area about the size of Colorado clearly describes a rough equivalence between the area of Colorado and the area overseen by the companies.

　　In A and B, the plural verb have does not agree with the singular subject number. Choice A is also wordy, since that is can be deleted without loss of clarity.

　　The absence of an area in B and E impairs clarity: the phrase beginning with about must modify a noun such as area that is logically equivalent to the number of acres given. In D and E up to is unidiomatic; the correct expression is from x to y.

　　In D, the size of Colorado's is unidiomatic, since of Colorado forms a complete possessive.

　　Answer to Question 3

　　Because the verb phrases used to describe the bats' duties are governed by the phrase different duties such as, they should each be expressed in the present participial (or "-ing") form to parallel defending and scouting.

　　Choices A, C, D, and E all violate parallelism by employing infinitives (to...) in place of participial phrases. In E the singular sentinel is not consistent with residents, and the omission of and distorts the meaning of the original.

　　Only B, the best answer, preserves the sense of the original, uses the correct idiom, and observes the parallelism required among and within the three main verb phrases.

　　Answer to Question 4

　　For parallelism, the linking verb is should link two infinitives: The only way to salvage ... is to process. Choice A begins with an infinitive, but the plural pronouns them and they do not agree with the singular noun citrus.

　　Choices B, C, and D do not begin with an infinitive, and all present pronoun errors: the plural pronouns cannot grammatically refer to citrus or fruit, nor can they refer to farmers without absurdity. The best choice, E, has parallel infinitives and uses fruit to refer unambiguously to citrus. E also expresses the cause-and-effect relationship between the return of warmer weather and the rotting of the fruit; A, C, and D merely describe these events as contemporaneous.

　　Answer to Question 5

　　Choices A, C, and E do not state the comparison logically. The expression as old as indicates equality of age, but the sentence indicates that the Brittany monuments predate the Mediterranean monuments by 2,000 years.

　　In B, the best choice, older than makes this point of comparison clear. B also correctly uses the adjective supposed, rather than the adverb supposedly used in D and E, to modify the noun phrase Mediterranean predecessors.

　　Answer to Question 6

　　Although an "-ing" verb such as trying can sometimes be used as a noun, the phrase the organism's trying to metabolize in A is unidiomatic because trying is used as the object of organism's.

　　In B, trying that it metabolize is ungrammatical. The noun attempt could follow organism's; also, it would parallel the noun enzymes, and parallelism is needed here because the sentence uses the linking verb are to equate enzymes and attempt.

　　In C and D, however, attempt to try is redundant. Choice E, which says attempt to metabolize, is best. The phrase the chemical irritant is also the most concise and precise conclusion for the sentence because it clearly refers to the dioxin mentioned earlier.

　　Answer to Question 7

　　The best choice is C. The phrase the more the children should be completed by a parallel phrase that begins with a comparative adjective and a noun phrase, as in the greater their... advantage. Only C correctly completes the structure with a parallel phrase.

　　Choices A. B, D, and E present structures that are unwieldy and awkward in addition to being nonparallel, and that state the relationship between language use and skills development less clearly than C does. Also, underlaying in B and underlay in D are incorrect; the meaning of this sentence requires the present participle of "underlie," underlying, as a modifier of skills.

　　Answer to Question 8

　　Choices A and B incorrectly use the plural verb are with the singular noun equipment. In B, C, and E, when used by does not parallel amount... used by and nonsensically suggests that the people are used by the equipment.

　　D, the best choice, correctly parallels the amount... used by with that used by, in which that is the pronoun substitute for amount. Moreover, D solves the agreement problem of A and B by omitting the to be verb used with visible and placing visible before equipment', the phrase visible equipment is also parallel with unobtrusive equipment.