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SAT阅读备考中的熟词僻义

2015-10-28来源: 啄木鸟教育浏览量:
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  SAT词汇从整体上包含两类,一类是生难单词,如somniloquy, rejuvenescent, hector, amnesia等,这类单词的特点是比较长,而且这类单词一般是书面语,如果深入分析,会发现这些单词的很多词根词缀来自于希腊或罗马词源。

  另外一类SAT生难单词是熟词生义,这类单词的一大特点是基本都是非常常见和基础的单词,但这些单词在英文发展过程中,在具体语言应用环境下,却具备一些与其基本含义完全无关的含义,如bent(天赋,爱好), composed(镇静), sport(炫耀), complex(建筑群或情结),consumption(肺结核)等,这类单词是本文讨论的重点。

  很多学生在备考SAT过程中,往往关于注重或者说只注重刷SAT生僻难长单词,比如狂刷巴郎3500或市面其他相关的SAT词汇书。不可否定,刷这些词汇书对提高SAT词汇量进而影响SAT具体成绩确实很重要。但应该强调的是,SAT阅读部分除了考察上述生难单词,还会涉及很多熟词生义,而这些含义的掌握,往往直接与对阅读文章及选项的准确理解相关。

  为了说明这类熟词生义的重要性,这里先列举SAT12年5月亚洲卷的单短阅读来作为例子:

  The formerly supercharged Houston space complex aged through the 1980s, developing the outward ambience of a quiet, rural college campus, where the outrageous swamp climate and the surreal routines of human space flight were gentled with a landscaping of duck ponds and shade trees. Out along the approach road reclined the symbol of NASA’s faded glory: a giant Saturn moon rocket dismantled into pieces for tourists to inspect, like lengths of fossilized bone from a mythic biotech dragon. Rimming the campus were strip malls and tidy residential neighborhoods. A nearby hamburger stand sported a supersized, fiberglass astronaut thirteen feet tall, whose outstretched left arm beckoned with an order of fries.

  文中涉及的单词,一眼看过去,都是比较简单的单词,但具体到文章中,很多学生,尤其英文阅读量未达到一定程度的学生,应该会觉得理解起来有点障碍。具体而言,这篇短短只有110字的英文文章,共含有Supercharged(节奏快的),complex(建筑群), aged(衰老),Outrageous(难以容忍的), gentled(调和),landscaping(美化环境),shade(阴影),Rim(环绕),strip(购物中心),stand(广告牌),sported(显耀)等11个熟词生义。这些词的精确意思的掌握,直接影响考生对该文章的准确理解。

  很多考生可能会存在侥幸心理,认为这类文章只是SAT考试阅读中的个例,SAT阅读文章不会大量存在这类词汇活用。但实际上,在实际SAT考试中,熟词生义或着出现在文章出题点上,体现为生难句子让学生理解,或者出现在选项中,使考生文章能理解,但选项理解有偏差,从而出现失分。比如下面这题:

  Today any accessible, fast-moving story written in unaffected prose is deemed to be “genre fiction”---at best an excellent “read “or “page turner” but never literature with a capital L. Everything written in self-conscious, writerly prose, on the other hand, is now considered to be “literary fiction”---not necessarily good literary fiction, mind you, but always worthier of respectful attention than even the best-written thriller or romance.

  5 The author of Passage 1 implies that “literature with a capital L” is fiction that is

  (A) considered classic by scholars of English literature

  (B) written in a mannered and pretentious style

  (C) unafraid to address highbrow themes and weighty issues

  (D) successful both critically and financially

  (E) unfairly ignored by the book-buying public

  在这段文字中,unaffected即是一个熟词生义,affect在英文中,除了表示喜爱,影响,还表示虚伪,带着这样的知识,学生很容易能根据这个语境知道unaffected在这个语境下是指不虚伪。而本题为细节题,只要把相应难句理解清楚,则答案立即清楚,因此,本题正确答案为B(其中,mannered是指虚伪的,装腔作势的)。

  综上,大家可知道在SAT备考中,熟词的生僻含义对于文章理解和选项选择是非常重要的。

  推荐阅读新SAT阅读备考中的熟词僻义、高分经验及美国核心建国文档和历史文献



本文关键字:SAT阅读备考,SAT考试
编辑: wei
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