8. Modern navigation systems, which are found in most of today’s commercial aircraft, are made with low-power circuitry, which is more susceptible to interference than the vacuum-tube circuitry found in older planes. During landing, navigation systems receive radio signals from the airport to guide the plane to the runway. Recently, one plane with low-power circuitry veered off course during landing, its dials dimming, when a passenger turned on a laptop computer. Clearly, modern aircraft navigation systems are being put at risk by the electronic devices that passengers carry on board, such as cassette players and laptop computers.

　　Which one of the following, if true, LEAST strengthens the argument above?

　　A. After the laptop computer was turned off, the plane regained course and its navigation instruments and dials returned to normal.

　　B. When in use all electronic devices emit electromagnetic radiation, which is known to interfere with circuitry.

　　C. No problems with navigational equipment or instrument dials have been reported on flights with no passenger-owned electronic devices on board.

　　D. Significant electromagnetic radiation from portable electronic devices can travel up to eight meters, and some passenger seats on modern aircraft are located within four meters of the navigation systems.

　　E. Planes were first equipped with low-power circuitry at about the same time portable electronic devices became popular.

　　答案：E

　　思路： E是无关选项，同时装备无法支持飞机航行受电子设备干扰。其他选项都能支持。

　　A, 加强选项，关了电玩后，飞机就正常了，说明电玩有影响。

　　B, 加强选项，直接说电玩影响飞机电路。

　　C, 没有电玩，飞机没影响，相对加强力度弱些，但比起E来也能勉强算做加强。

　　D, 加强选项，电玩八米有影响，有些乘客就坐在电路八米内。

　　9. In 1712 the government of Country Y appointed a censor to prohibit the publication of any book critical of Country Y’s government; all new books legally published in the country after 1712 were approved by a censor. Under the first censor, one half of the book manuscripts submitted to the censor were not approved for publication. Under the next censor, only one quarter of the book manuscripts submitted were not approved, but the number of book manuscripts that were approved was the same under both censors. If the statements in the passage are true, which one of the following can be properly concluded from them?

　　A. More books critical of Country Y’s governments were published before the appointment of the first censor than after it.

　　B. The first censor and the second censor prohibited the publication of the same number of book manuscripts.

　　C. More book manuscripts were submitted for approval to the first censor than to the second.

　　D. The second censor allowed some book manuscripts to the published that the first censor would have considered critical of Country Y’s government.

　　E. The number of writers who wrote unpublished manuscripts was greater under the first censor than under the second.

　　参考思路：

　　同5，又是一道计算题。关键还是列出公式。

　　the number of book manuscripts that were approved was the same under both censors.

　　Numbers of the first censor checked x (1-50%) = Numbers of the second censor x (1-25%)

　　So

　　(C) More book manuscripts were submitted for approval to the first censor than to the second.

　　10. If the government increases its funding for civilian scientific research, private patrons and industries will believe that such research has become primarily the government’s responsibility. When they believe that research is no longer primarily their responsibility, private patrons and industries will decrease their contributions toward research. Therefore, in order to keep from depressing the overall level of funding for civilian scientific research, the government should not increase its own funding.

　　Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?

　　A. Governments should bear the majority of the financial burden of funding for civilian scientific research.

　　B. Any increase in government funding would displace more private funding for civilian scientific research than it would provide.

　　C. Private donations toward research are no longer welcomed by researchers whose work receives government funding.

　　D. Civilian scientific research cannot be conducted efficiently with more than one source of funding.

　　E. funding for civilian scientific research is currently at the highest possible level.

　　参考思路：

　　本题指出private funding for civilian scientific research和government funding是一增一减的关系。如果两者的增长数量是一样的，则总量不会随其中之一而变化。而如果一方的变化是另一方变化量的系数倍，则总量将会受到影响

　　(B) Any increase in government funding would displace more private funding for civilian scientific research than it would provide.

　　这个选项指出了第二钟变化趋势。Therefore, in order to keep from depressing the overall level of funding for civilian scientific research, the government should not increase its own funding. 我们应该假设Any increase in government funding would displace more private funding for civilian scientific research than it would provide.。 b is correct.